Product Overview

Through-hole transparent sapphire components are precision-engineered optical and structural parts made from single-crystal aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃). Featuring excellent optical clarity and unmatched mechanical strength, these components combine transparency, hardness, and chemical resistance, making them ideal for demanding environments. The through-hole design allows for precise alignment, fluid passage, or mounting functions in optical, mechanical, and electronic assemblies.

Sapphire is second only to diamond in hardness, with a Mohs rating of 9, ensuring exceptional wear resistance and durability. Its high transmittance from ultraviolet (UV) to infrared (IR) wavelengths and excellent thermal conductivity make transparent sapphire a preferred material for high-performance optical and mechanical systems.

Key Features

• High Optical Clarity: Excellent transmission range from 200 nm to 5000 nm, suitable for UV, visible, and IR applications.

• Extreme Hardness: Mohs 9 hardness provides outstanding scratch and abrasion resistance.

• High Strength and Stability: Maintains optical and mechanical integrity under high temperature and pressure.

• Chemical Inertness: Resistant to acids, alkalis, and plasma environments.

• Precision Machining: Through-holes can be made via laser drilling, ultrasonic machining, or diamond grinding with micrometer-level tolerance.

• Wide Operating Temperature: Stable from −180°C up to 2000°C in vacuum or inert atmospheres.

Applications

1. Optical Systems:
   Used in optical windows, lenses, or housings that require light transmission and through-hole alignment for mechanical or photonic integration.

2. Semiconductor Equipment:
   Serves as observation windows, wafer holders, or insulating supports where transparency and heat resistance are critical.

3. Aerospace and Defense:
   Integrated into sensors, infrared domes, and laser targeting systems where durability and optical clarity are required.

4. Medical and Analytical Instruments:
   Suitable for spectroscopic cells, flow-through cuvettes, or pressure-resistant sample chambers.

5. Industrial and Precision Machinery:
   Used in wear-resistant guides, bushings, and alignment fixtures where through-holes facilitate assembly or fluid passage.

Technical Specifications (Typical)

Manufacturing Process

Through-hole sapphire parts are manufactured through precision crystal orientation, diamond slicing, polishing, and micro-hole processing. Advanced techniques such as laser drilling, ultrasonic machining, and chemical-assisted mechanical polishing ensure tight dimensional control and smooth internal surfaces. The final products are inspected using interferometry and optical microscopy to guarantee superior optical and mechanical quality.

Advantages

• High transparency across a wide spectral range

• Outstanding resistance to thermal shock and wear

• Long service life even in harsh environments

• Customizable geometry and hole dimensions

• Ideal for optical-electromechanical integration

FAQ

Q1: What is the main advantage of through-hole sapphire compared with glass or quartz?
A1: Sapphire offers much higher hardness, temperature resistance, and chemical durability than glass or quartz, making it suitable for extreme conditions and high-precision optical assemblies.

Q2: Can through-holes be made very small?
A2: Yes. With laser or ultrasonic drilling, through-holes as small as 0.1 mm can be achieved with tight tolerance and minimal microcracking.

Q3: Is anti-reflective coating available?
A3: Yes. AR coatings or metallized layers can be applied according to wavelength and application requirements.

Q4: What shapes are available?
A4: Round, square, rectangular, and irregular custom geometries are all available. Multi-hole or counterbore designs can also be produced.

About Us

ZMSH specializes in high-tech development, production, and sales of special optical glass and new crystal materials. Our products serve optical electronics, consumer electronics, and the military. We offer Sapphire optical components, mobile phone lens covers, Ceramics, LT, Silicon Carbide SIC, Quartz, and semiconductor crystal wafers. With skilled expertise and cutting-edge equipment, we excel in non-standard product processing, aiming to be a leading optoelectronic materials high-tech enterprise.